Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that studies macroscopic. Ap physics ii elizabethtown area school district overview. In the last century, in france, the notation of this binomial coefficient was cp. Although this is a true statement, as is stated by einsteins famous equation, this is not a thermodynamic law.
This weighted course covers topics in fluids, thermodynamics, electricity and. A car travels 30 miles at an average speed of 60 miles per hour and then 30 miles at an average speed of 30 miles per hour. May 26, 2008 ap physics b multiple choice questions on thermodynamics the essential things to be remembered in thermodynamics were given in the post dated 21 st may 2008. The only other answer choice left states that energy and mass are interconvertible. Ap physics b multiple choice questions on thermodynamics the essential things to be remembered in thermodynamics were given in the post dated 21 st may 2008. Work done by a gas suppose you had a piston filled with a specific amount of gas. Test dates will be announced at least one week in advance. Dont freakwell play a lot of constants gamesboltzmans constant is a molecular distribution constant. The first law of thermodynamics states that the change in internal energy of a system equals the net heat transfer into the system minus the net work done by the system. It just incorporates two other constants, the energy r and avogadros number. An ideal gas is made up of n diatomic molecules, each of mass m. The student will be able to analyze technical problems, organize technical. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Third law of thermodynamicsthe entropy of a pure crystalline substance at 0 k is equal to zero. Thermodynamics is the science of energy in its broadest sense. What you absolutely have to know about thermodynamics to pass the ap physics b test. The faculty of the physics department performed a study of the ap physics tests a few years ago and realized some important differences between the algebra based ap physics courses ap physics b, ap physics 1, and ap physics 2 and ap physics c. The physics b free response questions, sample student responses, and scoring commentary are resources that can be used by those teaching ap physics 1 and physics 2. B no net heat flow occurs once thermal equilibrium is reached c entropy is reduced during the process d the natural flow of heat will be from the warmer system to the colder system. Part ai has a correct calculation of the force the gas applies to the piston and earned 1 point. A first law of thermodynamics b second law of thermodynamics. The third law of thermodynamics says that at a temperature of absolute zero, all motion within a system ceases. Part c earned 1 point for indicating a value that is the negative of the internal energy change determine d in part b ii. What you absolutely have to know about thermodynamics to pass. Jan 19, 2015 ap physics b 2014 question 4 electrostatics duration.
Consider two isolated systems, a and b, which have been allowed to reach equilibrium separately. The internal energy is the energy that the atoms and molecules of the material possess. Before reading about the specifics of thermodynamics, please take a look at the objectives and amount of material covered on the actual ap physics b exam. Question 5 continued distribution of points a continued. For mechanics and thermodynamics equations, w represents the work done on a system. Thermal physics page 2 mercury or alcohol thermometers. Physics b thermodynamics response questions free pdf. What you absolutely have to know about thermodynamics to.
We shall see how does one arrive at the concept of temperature in thermodynamics. Ap physics b was divided into five different sections. It is used in physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy, environmental science. In equation form, the first law of thermodynamics is. Another way of adding energy is by doing work on the system. Check the physics course home pages on ap central for the latest versions of these tables. The sign is different because the integral under the pv curve under isothermal expansion is to the right thus a positive integral whereas the isothermal expansion integrates to the left and thus produces a negative integral. Physics b thermodynamics response questions free pdf file. Thermodynamics free response questions keyideal gas law. In the english speaking part of the world thermodynamics is often seen as a subset of the. Table of information for both the physics b and physics c exams, the table of information is printed near the front cover of the multiplechoice section and on the green insert provided with the freeresponse section. Ap physics b thermodynamics free download as powerpoint presentation. The second law of thermodynamics introduces the notion of entropy s, a measure of system disorder messiness u is the quantity of a systems energy, s is the quality of a systems energy. In other words, q is positive is heat is added and negative if heat is lost.
Ap physics b multiple choice questions on thermodynamics. It is important that you keep up with and complete the athomeoutofclass video assignments because we will be addressing these topics in class the next day. He also shows how to convert this answer into number of molecules using avogadros number. Let the new state be called b state and its temperature, as t b. Newtonian mechanics, fluid mechanics and thermal physics, electricity and magnetism, waves and optics, and atomic and nuclear physics. Thermodynamics fluids ap questionsworksheetkey1va29yn. Below you will find lecture videos and their accompanying notes.
Work remember earlier that we said the work done by a force f upon an object as the object was displaced over some path was equal to the area under the forceposition graph. Third law of thermodynamics the entropy of a pure crystalline substance at 0 k is equal to zero. Students who have taken both an algebra based sequence and ap physics c will have adequately covered all the material, but we. As you add heat, the temperature rises and thus the volume of the gas expands. U is the change in internal energy of a system, q is the amount of heat added, and w. Thermodynamics and heat ap physics b varsity tutors. Understanding heat and the flow of heat allows us to build heat sinks that prevent our computers from overheating, build better engines, and prevent freeway overpasses from cracking. Thermodynamicsfor physics bstudentsonly physics course home pages on ap central for the latest versions of these tables. The course covers topics and concepts typically included in the second semester of an algebrabased, introductory collegelevel physics course. The second law of thermodynamics states that heat transfer occurs spontaneously from higher to lowertemperature bodies but never spontaneously in the reverse direction.
Ap physics c could be missing fluids, wave motion, sound, and thermodynamics about of the content in our phy 1420 course. The zeroth law of thermodynamics provides the clue. Ap physics b 2004 scoring guidelines form b question 5 continued distribution of points. The kinetic theory of gases is the study of the microscopic behavior of molecules and the interactions which lead to macroscopic relationships like the. Ap physics b 2014 question 4 electrostatics duration. Thermodynamics is the most universally applicable branch of science.
Free practice questions for ap physics b thermodynamics and heat. The maximum efficiency of a heat engine that operates between temperatures of 1500 k in the firing chamber and 600 k in the exhaust chamber is most nearly a 33% b 40% c 60% d 67% e 100% 2. The gas is brought isobarically to state b, where the volume is 2. Thermodynamics, kinetic theory, heat zeroth law states that if object a is in thermal equilibrium with object b, and object b is in thermal equilibrium with object c, then object c is also in thermal equilibrium with object a. Part c earned 1 point for indicating a value that is the negative of the internal energy change determine d in part bii. The average speed the car over the 60 miles is a 35 m. We will now discus some typical multiple choice practice questions related to thermodynamics. If a and b are in thermal equilibrium with c, then a and b are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
If you keep heating the water, the temperature will rise. Zitzewitz mcgrawhillglencoe, 2002 thermal energy quiz chapter 12 last modified. The first law of thermodynamics is generally stated as the equation below. Heat units kinetic theory tells us that temperature is a measure of the internal energy. When two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. A thermodynamic process is one in which heat is added to or taken away from a system. We do some mechanical work, say 1 kj, by rotating a set of small paddles and thereby chur ning water. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. General notes about 2006 ap physics scoring guidelines. Ap thermodynamics free response questions page 14 1999 q7 10 points a cylinder contains 2 moles of an ideal monatomic gas that is initially at state a with a volume of 1. Here, q is net heat added to the system and w is the net work done by the system. Algebrabased is a secondyear physics course designed for high school students in grade 12 who have completed honors or ap physics 1. Ap therefore, no great degree of accuracy is required in the determination of c p and v.
Notes on thermodynamics the topic for the last part of our physics class this quarter will be thermodynamics. Positive work in going from point a to point b where force is in the same direction as the displacement and negative work when going from point b to. Heat is just the transfer of energy due to a temperature difference and is one way to raise the temperature. Thermodynamics deals with energy transfer processes. Ap physics thermodynamics thermodynamics is the study of heat in motion thats if you just want to look at the translation of the grand old word itself. The ap physics b exam ap central the college board.
Ap physics 1 and ap physics 2 were introduced for the 2015 exam administration. Thus, we can raise the temperature of a system by adding energy. Sal uses the molar version of the ideal gas law to solve for the number of moles in a gas. The gas then applies a force on the piston wall pushing it a specific displacement. W e can change the state of the system in two different ways. Advanced placement ap physics 2, along with ap physics 1, is a yearlong ap course mainly used in the united states and canada which was designed by the college board to replace ap physics b in the 2014 2015 school year.
The courses teach the same general curriculum as ap physics b, but instead splitting the course into two and covering more information, specifically. The ap physics b exam covered a fullyear noncalculus college course on general physics, intended for students not majoring in a physical science or engineering. The key idea is that materials have internal energy. The gas then applies a force on the piston wall pushing it. Table of information and equation tables for ap physics exams. Solutions to problems in thermodynamics ap physics b. Ap physics multiple choice practice thermodynamics 1. They are the first and second laws of thermodynamics, which talk about thermodynamic processes, heat engines, heat pumps, entropy, and more.
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