Common examples include oral and intravenous administration. All parenteral nutrition infusions will begin at 2000 each evening. In this lesson, we defined that a parenteral drug administration is the delivery of a medication by injection into the body, and discussed the common types of injections to include. The most widelyused routes of drug administration are the oral and parental routes 3, 4. Thoma biopharmaceutics and immunogenicity of biotherapeutics balaji agoram, kazuko sagawa, ravi m shanker, and satish singh preformulation research of. Methods of administration include oral, sublingual dissolving the drug under the tongue.
The popular routes of parenteral administration are. Routes of drug administration oral po oral administration will be covered in more detail in subsequent chapters. Parenteral preparations circumvent the intestinal tract and, therefore, are not subject to pharmacodynamic properties associated with oral or other formulations. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id.
The book discusses the anatomy and physiology of administration sites. Stability, compatibility, coadministration, and microbiology. Some drugs given by this route include aspirin, theophylline, chlorpromazine and some barbiturates. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Each route has several variations, and each offers distinct advantages and disadvantages. Drugs are usually injected into the muscle of the upper arm, thigh, or buttock. Pdf alternative routes of drug administration transdermal. It is a method of delivering the drug directly into the blood stream without having to pass the oral or alimentary mucous layer. Dosage form design may also be used modify the rate of absorption. The drugs administration by this route generally affects to the part to which they are applied. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination.
Parenteral drug administration an overview sciencedirect topics. Parenteral drug administration their types, advantages and. This route of administration is possible if the drug is in liquid dosage form. Drugs are introduced into the body by several routes. Preparing to administer a drug drugs local effect applied directly to skin, tissue, or mucous membranes systemic effect given by routes that allow the drug to be absorbed or distributed into the bloodstream pay close attention dose route form of medication. A scheme of the different sites for parenteral drug administration is presented in figure 6. Parenteral routes of drug administration flashcards quizlet. Includes new chapters and updated chapters throughout. Principles and modes of drug administration springerlink. A route of administration in pharmacology and toxicology is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body routes of administration are generally classified by the location at which the substance is applied. Bypass liver some but not all of the veins draining the rectum lead directly to the general circulation thus by. Routes of drug administration advantages of inhalation rapid action of the drug, with local effects with in the respiratory tract potent drugs may be given in small.
Enteral administration involves absorption of the drug via the gi tract and includes oral. Routes of drug administration covers topics about parenteral and enteral routes of drug administration. The oral route of drug administration is the most common and convenient route for dosing statin drugs, and, in fact, most medications, because of ease of drug delivery, patient compliance, and costeffectiveness. The term parenteral is applied to preparations administered by injection through one or more layer of skin tissue. Ppt routes of drug administration powerpoint presentation. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. While many routes of parenteral administration are available, all of which bypass the intestinal tract, the. Intravenous medicines or fluids that go directly into the patients vein are being given by the intravenous iv route. Parenteral drug administration shellim 2011 veterinary. Parenteral administration is required if an agent is absorbed poorly from the gastrointestinal tract, if a condition precludes administration or absorption of a usually wellabsorbed drug, if an unusually high tissue concentration of drug is required, or if adherence to an oral regimen for treatment of a significant infection cannot be ensured. Parenteral medications is an authoritative, comprehensive reference work on the formulation and manufacture of parenteral dosage forms, effectively balancing theoretical considerations with the practical aspects of their development.
Parenteral routes of drug administration basicmedical key. Pharmaceutical dosage forms parenteral medications. In this route of administration the drug does not pass through the gastrointestinal tract. However, these routes have limitations that include the pain associated with parenteral administration. A description of the drug and the administration procedure including benefits, side effects and lifethreatening risks. Routes of administration of a drug are determined by its physical and chemical properties, patient characteristics and the rapidity of response desired. Routes of administration and devices himanshu bhattacharjee and laura a. Drug administered into arteriesdiagnostic or therapeutic. Camille harris, in manual of exotic pet practice, 2009. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Route of administration of biotech products free download as powerpoint presentation.
This route is effective for drugs with moderate to high oral bioavailability and for drugs of. Routes of administration are generally classified by the location at which the substance is applied. Parenteral routes most typically injection through skin with a needle using a vehicle, which is the liquid aqueous or oil in which the drug is dissolved or suspended subcutaneous sc injected to form a bolus just under the skin skin popping intramuscular im muscle intraperitoneal ip abdomen not used much in humans. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Route of administration is the path by which a drug, is brought into contact with the body parenteral injections id parenteral routes parenteral routes, epidural. Sep 30, 2016 parenteral route of administration of drugs teachglobal. Drug administration drugs merck manuals consumer version.
Parenteral dosage forms differ from all other drug. Parenteral route of administration of drugs youtube. A route of administration in pharmacology and toxicology is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body. The oral route of administration is the safest, most economical and the most convenient way of giving medicines. Routes of administration and dosage forms pharmacology. As such, it is recommended for scientists and engineers in the pharmaceutical industry and. Enteral administration involves absorption of the drug via the gi tract and includes oral, gastric or duodenal e.
Parenteral route of administration of drugs teachglobal. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Parenteral drug administration an overview sciencedirect. Intravenous administration merits bypass first pass metabolism100% quick onset of action in uncooperative and unconscious patients those with nausea and vomiting hypertonic solutions and irritants large volumes amount of drug can be controlled accurately demerits antiseptic conditions depend on others painful and riskycant be recalled. This route of administration achieves systemic effects by application of drugs to the skin, usually via a transdermal medicated adhesive patch. Scheme of the different sites of parenteral administration of drugs. Contains the contributors of leading researchers in the field of parenteral medications. Advantages of parenteral routes preferred for rapid absorption, useful for when patient is unconscious, uncooperative, or unable to take drug by an enteral route. Route of drug administration with selection parameters in simple hindi. A route of administration is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body. Routes of parenteral administration linkedin slideshare. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects.
Parenteral drugs are sterile preparations containing one or more active ingredients intended to be administered to a patient other than the alimentary canal gastrointestinal tract routes. Lets look at the most common parenteral routes of drug administration. Enteral administration involves the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines i. Parenteral definition of parenteral by medical dictionary. Parenteral routes parenteral routes most typically. Drug and patientrelated factors determine the selection of routes for drug administration. Systemic route a enteral route b parenteral route 1. The aim of this article is to provide an introduction to the administration. Modes or routes of drug administration vary from the widely followed oral route to parenteral and inhalational routes. The production of this text has raised many questions concerning the data available relating to this method of medication administration.
Study 33 terms parenteral routes flashcards quizlet. This threevolume set of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Route of administration of biotech products liposome. Parenteral medications, fourth edition 4th edition. However, the oral administration of statin drugs has disadvantages such as hepatic firstpass metabolism and degradation within the gastrointestinal tract that limit their overall. One method of classifying routes of administration is enteral and parenteral. Pdf common routes of drug administration monica may lopez. In general, drugs can be administered via two primary routes. Parenteral route of administration and dosage forms a drug given parenterally is one given by a route other than the mouth topical dosage forms are considered separately. Handbook of drug administration via enteral feeding tubes third edition rebecca white bsc hons msc mrpharms i presc ffrps medical advisor, baxter healthcare ltd compton, uk vicky bradnam bpharm hons clindip mba open mrpharms pharmaceutical consultant, kent, uk on behalf of the british pharmaceutical nutrition group. Parenteral drug administration their types, advantages. Typical routes of administration of a parenteral dosage form include subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous delivery. Parenteral administration medications can be delivered into the body through a variety of routes.
Parenteral preparations circumvent the intestinal tract and, therefore, are not subject to pharmacodynamic properties. The rate of absorption can vary markedly, depending on the physical characteristics of the drug lipid soluble and skin at the site of application. Condition of the patient unconscious, vomiting, diarrhoea. Addresses changes in the science and advances in the technology associated with parenteral medications and routes of administration. Fda center for drug evaluation and research data standards manual. This preparation should be sterile and to be administered by means of an injection. Pdf oral route is considered to be the most common route of drug delivery to obtain a systemic effect. The three main parenteral routes of drug administration are iv, im, and sc, and in all cases administration is usually via a hollow needle. The various routes of administrations are classified into following categories. Guidelines usfda 6 rights right patient right drug right dose right time right route right documentation 3 4. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing.
Parenteral routes routes of administration other than enteral route are called parenteral routes. Drug delivery characteristics and pharmacodynamic properties vary depending on the route of administration chosen for the drug. A route of administration in pharmacy is the path by which a drug is taken into the body. Intrathecal around the spinal cord a drug or medicine can be prepared in such a way that it can prolong drug absorption from the injection site for hours, days and months too 3439.
Routes of administration an overview sciencedirect topics. The key features of various routes are discussed here see table 21. Uses full color detailed illustrations, enhancing the learning process. Absorption after oral administration can be quite variable. Because the muscles lie below the skin and fatty tissues, a longer needle is used. Most of the drugs can be administered by different routes. Given by injection into a vein intravenously, iv, into a muscle. Administration of drug into the joint cavity intra arterial. Himanshu bhattacharjee, vivian loveless, and laura a thoma. This article throws light upon the three main routes of drug administration. Intravenous administration merits bypass first pass metabolism100% quick onset of action in uncooperative and unconscious patients those with nausea and vomiting hypertonic solutions and irritants large volumes amount of drug can be controlled accurately demerits antiseptic conditions depend on others painful and riskycant be recalled embolism suspensionsoily.
Mar 10, 2017 routes of parenteral administration 1. Injection administration of drugs page 5 of 9 march 16, 2020 prior to administering a drug, the process of informed consent shall consist of a discussion between the patient and the pharmacist which includes. Administration of drugs by injection and other routes. Routes of drug administration2 intravenous therapy. Claire shellim rvn dipavnsurg anderson sturgess veterinary specialists, the granary, bunstead barns, poles lane, hursley, winchester, hampshire, s021 2ll. Drug administration drugs msd manual consumer version. Parenteral routes of drug administration clinical point ia injection of bcnu carmustine. A parenteral dosage form can be defined as a sterile drug product, which is presented in the form of solution, suspension, emulsion, or reconstituted lyophilized powder, suitable for administration by injection. Other articles where parenteral administration is discussed. Routes of drug administration rectal pr drugs given by the rectal route a most commonly given as suppository or enema. Start studying parenteral routes of drug administration. The intramuscular route is preferred to the subcutaneous route when larger volumes of a drug product are needed. Parenteral nutrition administration guidelines parenteral nutrition formula orders will be filled out on paper by a parenteral pharmacist or physcian by 1400 daily. Routes can also be classified based on where the target of action is.
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